Electric heater.



No. 63mm).4 f Patented Aug.- 22, |899.

J. L. CHEVELING.

ELECT HHHHHHHH B. (Appuuun and nu. 2v, 18911)' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN L. OREVELING, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

ELECTRIC-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 631,360, dated August 22, 1899.

Application iled January 27,1898. Serial No. 668,172. (No model.)

To t/Z whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN L. OREVELING, of New York, in the county of New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Heaters, of which the following is a complete speciiication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in that type of electric heaters in which the heat is generated by the passage of electricity through a resistanceecoil, and has for its object the simplifying and cheapening, through an improved construction, of the insulatingcore upon which the coils are wound, the increasing of the area of the coils exposed to the air, the improvement of means for retaining the bends or convolutions of the coil in place out of contact with one another, and the providing of improved means for installing the heater in workin g position.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure I is a transverse section of one of my heaters complete, taken as upon the line I l of Fig. II. Fig. II is a front elevation of aportion of my heater complete. Fig. III is a central longitudinal horizontal section, partly in elevation, of a portion of the heater-core with the resistance-coil upon it. l Fig. 1V is a perspective view of one of the end pieces of my core detached. FigV is a front View of one of the binding-posts detached.v Fig. VI is an edge view or side elevation of' the same. FigVII is an edge view or side elevation of one of the core-sections detached, illustrating the opposite ends of the spacing-web with which it is provided. Fig. VIII is a view of the subjectniatter of Fig. VII, looking at it endwise of the core. Fig. 1X is a central longitudinal section of a continuous form of modiiied core. Fig. X is a similar view of a sectional form of the same.

Referring to the figures on the drawings, 1, Fig. I, illustrates a section of a wall, as of a car, for example, to which is secured the shell 2 of my heater, as by means of flanges 3.

l indicates the perforated front plate of the heater that extends beyond and preferably overlaps the edge ofthe [lange 3, as shown in Fig. I. The li'ront plate and the [langes of the shell are securely united, as by machinescrews 5. (Compare Figs. land Il.) Both the shell and the front plate are united to the wall l, as by wood-screws 6, passing through apertures in the flanges 3 and entering-the body of the wall l. The heads of the screws 6 are countersunk within apertures '7, provided for them, respectively, in the front plate, but make contact exclusively with the flanges.

By reason of the construction above described the entire shell, with the front plate attached, may be removed` from the wall l. whenever required, or the front plate may be independently removed without disturbing the shell. If the former is to be accomplished, the wood-screws 6 are removed. If the latter, the machine-screws 5 are removed.

The foregoing construction relates to simple but convenient means of installing the heater in position for use.

Myinvention, comprehending as it does an improvement in insulating-cores, relates both to certain improvements, as will hereinafter appear, in a continuous core, as well as in a core composed of narrow sections, the latter being the preferred form of construction.

With respect to the sectional form of core the heater propercomprehends an assembling member 8, preferably consisting of an angular metallic rod that may be sustained in a required position-for example, by aid of the endA pieces 9 of the shell. Other means of support may be substituted as a matter oli course, and the form of the assembling member may be varied, inasmuch as the particular structure ot' those parts illustrated is not essential to my invention.

Upon the assembling member 8 l provide a sectional core of insulating material. The sections of the core consist, essentially, of intermediate members lO and preferably of special end members 1l. rThe intermediate members are designed to accommodate upon their peripheries the convolutions of the resistance-coil and are preferably flanked by end pieces 1l of special construction, designed to support the last convolution ot' the coil in required position upon the core, as well as to ailord means olconnectiou or electrical contact with the circuit that supplies energy to the coil. A

Although l regard the employment oi' end pieces as desirable, it should be distinctly understood that the special feature, broadly considered, of my insulating-core in its preferred form is its sectional or subdivided structure, by means whereof the liability to breakage and the cost of manufacture may be diminished and breakage, if it should occur in use, may be repaired at small cost.

Each of the intermediate members consists, preferably, of a disk or cylinder section of suitable insulating material-for example, porcelain. Each is provided with acentrallylocated aperture 1l, (see Eig. YIIL) that is fitted to the rod S, upon which in practice the various disks are assembled. Each section is preferably a comparatively thin or narrow diskthat is to say, one of such dimensions as render it possible in the manufacture of them to make it complete with its central apture by a single stroke of a forming or shaping die, whereby the expense' of manufacture is materially diminished. Heretofore the only form of sectional cores have been those in which a number of the convolutions of the resistance'coil are wound upon each section.

In order to distinguish my sectional core from cores of that description, I designate the sections of my core as individual sections, and attach to that term, where it is used in the specification and in the claims, the meaning that such a section is adapted to support one or a pair of the convolutions of the resistance-coil.

Each disk is preferably provided upon its periphery with a web or spacing-wall 15, that extends a greater part, but not all the way, around the disk, as clearly illustrated in Figs. VII and VIII, for example. Each web at one end preferably terminates in an overhanging lug or boss 16, under which the bends of the resistance-coil are made and by which they are retained in place.

The spacing-web described, with its lug upon the respective members 10, is that which is adapted to the method of winding the resistance-coil shown in Patent No. 566,795, issued September 1, 1896, to F. L. Pruyn. I prefer that method of winding the resistance coil upon the insulating-core; but it is not my intention to limit the application of my sectional core exclusively to heaters wound in that manner.

Each of the members is preferably provided upon opposite sides with shoulders 17. The shoulders of adjacent members 10, abutting one against the other in an assembled core, define air-spaces 18 and coil-supporting ledges 19. (Consult Fig. III.) The proportionate size of the air-spaces 1S and of the ledges 19 may be varied, it being essential only that sufiicient support be provided in the ledges 19 for the resistance-coil when wound upon the core. The proportions of the two elements referred to, as shown in the drawings, are illustrated solely by way of example.

By the term ledge7 above employed I mean any member that is adapted to support or assist in supporting the 1'esistancecoil. In that sense the sides 19 and 19 of the augular grooves (illustrated in Figs. IX and X) constitute coil-sustaining ledges and define air-spaces 18L under the coil similar to the air-spaces 1S defined by the ledges 19. The provision of an air-space underneath the convolutions of the resistance-coil is as desirable in a continuous core as ina sectional core, and I do not limit myself to the employment of the coil-sustaining ledges in a sectional core, but, on the other hand, clearly illustrate in Fig. IX, by way of example, the embodiment of that feature of my invention in a continuous core.

By means of the construction above dcscribed air-space is provided upon two sides of the resistance-coil instead of upon one, as is the case when the coil rests in the hollow of a groove in the core. The advantage of a groove over winding-pins, for instance, is that theconvolutions of the coil are keptseparated.

The object of the feature of my invention above described is to preserve that advantage in practice in conjunction with a maximum exposure of the strands of the coil to the air to be heated.

The two end pieces 11 are similar in structure and interchangeable in practice. Each consists of a disk of insulating material and each is preferably provided with a flange 20, (see Fig. IV,) which serves to prevent the last convolution of the resistance-coil from slipping off the core. rIhe end piece is provided with a central aperture 21, corresponding to the apertures 1lI in the members 10 and adapted in like manner to receive the assembling rod 8. In one face of each end piece l I provide an annular groove 22, and opening into that on one side a recess 23. The groove 22 is adapted to accommodate the ring 2l of a binding-post and the recess 23 to accommo date the neck thereof 25 or the post proper.

By means of the construction above dcscribed, the binding-post being made of metal, provision for connecting the resistance-coil in circuit is made.

When the parts are assembled, the ring 2i is countersunk in the groove 22 and the post 25 in the recess 23, so that the face of the end piece 11 may abut snugly against the opposing face of the adjacent member 10, as clearly illustrated in Fig. III. The post preferably terminates in ascrew 26, provided with a nut 2? and washer 28. By aid of the nut in the usual manner the resistance-coil 29 is secured underneath the Washer, and a linewire 30 is secured above the washer both in electrical contact with each other through the conductive material of the binding-post and washer.

In assembling the several members of my sectional core an end piece 11 is rst slipped upon the rod S. Next a binding-post is adj usted in position, then one of the intermediate members 10, and so on until all have been assembled upon the rod S, including the final IOO IIO

end piece. The members 10 are preferably assembled upon the rod 8 in reverse posi tionsw that is to say, the lugs lh of contiguous disks 10 are alternately disposed, the lug '16 upon one, for example, depending, and that upon the disk adjacent extending` upwardly, as clearly illustrated in Fig. lI of the drawings? Vhen the core is completed, through the assembling of the members in the manner above described, the resistance-coil, having been fastened at one end to a post 25, is Wound about the core in alternate convolutions, as illustrated, for example, in Fig. ll of the drawings, until the other end of the core is reached, where the free end of the coil is secured to the remaining binding-post 25. Suiiicient tension having been exerted upon the coil in Winding, it will maintain its position upon the core when its opposite ends are secured to the respective binding-posts, and when so secured the heater is ready to receive the electric current through the line-wire 30 and to perform its heating function.

That I claim isl. An insulating-core for electric heaters, f comprising a plurality of separable individual core-sections, each section being provided with a separate1 coil-retaining support, substantially as set forth'.

2. As a new article of manufacture, an in-I, sulating-core section provided with an .individual coil-retaining support, substantially, as set forth.

An insulating-core for electric heaters comprising a plurality of disks adapted, conjointly to support on their peripheries theindvidual convolutions of a resistance-coil, and an assembling member uniting the several disks, substantially as specified.

et. As a new article of manufacture, a coresection provided upon its opposite end facesA air-spaces between the coil-supporting ledges ot adjacent sections, substantially as specilied.

5. An insulating-core provided with peripheral eoil-sustainin g ledges defining intermediate peripheral airspaces, substantially as specified.

G. An insulating-core sectiouprovided with a peripheral spacing-Web extending only par-- tially around the same, substantially as speciiied.

'7. An insulating-core for electric heaters provided with a plurality of peripheral spacing-Webs extending only partially around the same, and altemately-disposed lugs located alternately on the opposite ends of the several webs, substantially as specified.

S. As a part of a sectional insulating-core for electric heaters, an end piece provided with a central aperture adapted to receive an assembling member, a groove surrounding the same adapted to receive the ring of a bindin g-post, and a recess opening into the groove adapted to receive the binding-post proper, substantially as set forth.

9. An end piece for sectional insulatingcores formed with a peripheral coil-retaining flange at one edge and with a recess for the reception of a binding-post, substantially as speciied.

l0. As a new article of manufacture, an in- /sulating-core section provided with a peripheral web extending partiallyaround the same, and a lug upon one extremity of the web, substantially as specilied.

In testimony bf all which I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JOHN L. CREVE'LING.

XVitnesses:

E. E. ALLBEE,

with shoulders for the purpose of defining R. E. Bnuonivnn. 

